Cervical Cancer

It is the most common type. This develops from a skin-like cell (a squamous cell) that covers the cervix which becomes cancerous.

It is less common. This develops from a glandular cell (a cell that makes mucus) within the cervical canal which becomes cancerous.

• Cone Biopsy: It is used to treat very early cervical tumors in women who want to preserve their fertility.
• Radical Trachelectomy: It is done in place of a hysterectomy for young women with early-stage cervical cancer who want to preserve their fertility.
• Total Hysterectomy: It is used in early-stage cases where removing the cervix and uterus is necessary.
• Radical Hysterectomy: It is used when the cervical tumor is large. The cervix, uterus, part of the vagina, some structures and tissues near the cervix, and the pelvic lymph nodes are removed.
• Pelvic Exenteration: It is done when cervical cancer recurs locally (within the pelvis) after being treated with radiation therapy. The cervix, uterus, vagina, ovaries, fallopian tubes, lymph nodes, rectum, and/or bladder are removed.

Chemotherapy is a treatment that destroys cancer cells with medicines. It is used with radiotherapy, or to help to shrink a tumor before radiotherapy or surgery.

Radiotherapy uses high-energy beams of radiation that are focused on cancerous tissue. It kills the cancer cells or stops them from multiplying. Radiotherapy may be used as an alternative to surgery for early-stage cervical cancer.